Pesticides(Robert+and+Michael)

[|Turn ads off - 5/month] Pesticides

**Background - about 3 paragraphs; make sure to include the following information:** **How/why we use this chemical** **Specific products it’s in** **What it does (positives)** **Where it is used (what countries)**

Pesticides are used to in agriculture to keep crops healthy and to keep them from getting wastes by disease and infestation. They are used in food production because pests can have devastating effects on the quantity and quality of crops. This helps us because if thousands of people were to eat food from the same crop that has been affected by pest that carry diseases then we all could die. Pesticides are also used to protect public health by controlling different types of pests and disease carriers, such as insects, rats and mice.

The United States uses pesticides in the bigger agriculture areas. About a quarter of pesticides are used in houses, yards, parks, golf courses, and swimming pools. The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act was passed in 1947 giving the United States Department of Agriculture responsibility for regulating pesticides.

** 1.Abstract ** ** -Three paragraph abstract ** ** ¶ 1 Summarize the background ** ** ¶ 2 Summarize the implications; health, environmental, economic, and political ** ** ¶ 3 What is your position on the chemical, what action, if any, should be taken ** Pesticides are used to in agriculture to keep crops healthy and to keep them from getting wastes by disease and infestation. They are used in food production because pests can have devastating effects on the quantity and quality of crops. This helps us because if thousands of people were to eat food from the same crop that has been affected by pest that carry diseases then we all could die. Pesticides are also used to protect public health by controlling different types of pests and disease carriers, such as insects, rats and mice.

Pesticides can be dangerous and deadly when not used correctly. They destroy living creatures and can eradicate them if used to much. They destroy the environment. When some of it doesn't dissolve and it rains pesticides can get into rivers, lakes, or even oceans. A lot of animals and humans drink water. Water affected with pesticides can cause effects to humans and animals. Pesticides cost a lot of money. In the U.S. it cost around 787 million dollars per year.

My position on this chemical is that it should still be used. Even though it can effect people in very bad ways is helps us get our nutrition from vegetables and fruits. We need it because it kills those pests that try to hurt us and destroy our food. Pesticides have been helping us all these years why stop using them now? There wouldn't be any point to stop using them because some people may use the illegally.


 * 3. Synthesis/Production **
 * How it’s made **
 * Synthesis/Refinement of chemical **
 * Synthesis of common products **
 * >include at least 3 balanced chemical reactions **
 * Detailed description of the synthesis process **
 * Drawing/diagram of the chemical’s structure **

<span class="content" style="font-family: 'times new roman',times,serif;">First, the materials must be gathered in order to make the pesticides. The pesticides consist of an active ingrediant, coupled with inert ingrediants. The active ingrediant kills the pests, and the inert ingrediants hlp facilitate the spraying and coating on the targeted subjects. Chlorine, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus, nitogen, and bromine are most common in pesticides. The inert ingrediants can vary between many different substances, all depending on the pesticide. Water and kerosene is common in liquid pesticides and ground up vegetables are common in powder type pesticides.

<span class="content" style="font-family: 'times new roman',times,serif;">The process of actually creating the pesticides are very complex and complicated. They first start by creating a very small portion of the pesticide in a laboratory. They then test the pesticide, and if all goes well, they start to create large amounts of the pesticide. The pesticide then goes thru a formulator, which accepts the active ingrediant, measures out the proper amount, mixes it with the carrier if it is to be a liquid pesticide or with inert powders or dry fertilizers if it is to be a dust pesticide. Then the pesticides are bottled or package.

<span class="content" style="font-family: 'times new roman',times,serif;">The active ingrediants in pesticides are distilled from natural substances. Now they are largely synthesized in laboratories. Almost all are hydrocarbons derived from petroleum. Most pesticides contain chlorine, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus, nitrogen, and bromine as the active ingrediant. The inert igrediants vary depending on what pesticide it is. A certain amount of he active ingrediant is mixed with the inert ingrediants to form the pesticide substance.


 * 4. Human health implications **
 * Possible dangers **
 * Specific processes **
 * Include chemical reactions that take place in the body. **
 * Include human systems involved (eg reproductive, endocrine) **

<span class="content" style="font-family: 'times new roman',times,serif;">Increased risk of leukemia and cancers (lung, brain, testicular, lymphoma). Decreased fertility. Liver and pancreatic damage. Neuropathy. Disturbances to the immune system (asthma & allergies). Increases of stillbirths. Decreased sperm counts. The main risks for children include leukemia, brain cancer, asthma, allergies, polyneuritis, altered neurological functioning, birth defects & neurotoxicity.

<span class="content" style="font-family: 'times new roman',times,serif;">Pesticides are poisons designed to kill a variety of plants, animals and fungi. Pesticides include active ingredients designed to kill target organisms. Pesticides can be absorbed through the skin, swallowed or inhaled. When pesticide is inhaled, it is most harmful. Pesticides can drift and settle on items such as laundry, toys and furniture. Pesticides can also drift and settle on ponds, lakes and pools. Everywhere around us, pesticides could be. Thus, we are highly at risk. People believe that pesticides are safe, because the pesticides passed a series of safety tests. But many of the safety tests used to test the pesticides are fundamentally inadequate. The tests test for acute (no chronic) effects of single chemicals on healthy adults and animals. It is important to keep society aware that pesticides could be all around us, and it is important that everyone is informed on the dangers of these chemicals.

<span class="content" style="font-family: 'times new roman',times,serif;">Pesticides can enter your body through breathing, ingesting and also through your skin. People are most likely to be exposed to pesticides through skin contact, but if a pesticide is sprayed, some may breathe in a few sprat drops. If people have a weak immune system or asthma, they can be more sensitive to pesticides. Depending on the toxicity of the specific pesticide, the concentration and the length of time people are exposed, all have a bearing on if you develop an adverse reaction. In order to calculate your risk factor, you should multiply the toxicity by your exposure around the pesticide. Simply put, when these poisons are inhaled or ingested, the harmful particles attach themselves to various places in the body, such as your lungs, throat, stomach, etc. These poisons then eat away "good cells" in the designated area, and replace them with harmful and dangerous cells. The more of the pesticides you ingest and inhale, the more risk you put yourself at.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Pesticides react with plants, and are broke down into other chemicals by sunlight, microorganisms in the soil, or chemical reactions, attach to soil particles. Nothing really happens when pesticides degrade, the thing that pesticides may affect the most happens when it doesn’t degrade. Pesticides tend to live for a long amount of time. The also degrade a different rates depending where they are located.
 * 5. Environmental implications **
 * Specific systems with which it reacts **
 * >include at least 3 balanced chemical reactions **
 * What happens when it degrades? **
 * How long does it take to degrade? **
 * How is it disposed of? **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">The best way to dispose of pesticide tablets would be to use them. If you cant use them then you ask a neighbor or someone who you think may have a similar pest problem let them have it. If all the remaining pesticide cannot be properly used, check with your local solid waste management authority, environmental agency, or health department to find out whether your community has a household hazardous waste collection program or a similar program for getting rid of unwanted, leftover pesticides. These authorities can also inform you of any local requirements for pesticide waste disposal. If the container is empty, do not reuse it. Place it in the trash, unless the label specifies a different procedure. Do not pour leftover pesticides down the sink, into the toilet, or down a sewer or street drain. Pesticides may interfere with the operation of wastewater treatment systems or pollute waterways. Many municipal systems are not equipped to remove all pesticide residues. If pesticides reach waterways, they may harm fish, plants, and other living things.

<span class="content" style="font-family: 'times new roman',times,serif;">Pesticides dramatically increase crop yield by killing insects that feed on the crops. Without pesticides, many plants, fruits and vegetables would be eaten away or contaminated by insects. Therefore, the fruits and vegetables would not be exported to people for consumption. This would highly increase the cost of fruits and vegetables and also would run farmers out of business.
 * 6. Economic/Political Impact **
 * What if it were banned? **
 * Cost of alternatives? **
 * What products would we not have if it were banned? **
 * What countries export this product? **
 * How/If a ban affects you (or the average American) **
 * What are the political ramifications of banning this chemical? **

<span class="content" style="font-family: 'times new roman',times,serif;">Organic fertilizer and using grass seed formulated pesticides would be a healthier approach, but then again would cost a lot more. Fir powdery mildew, you could mix a little bit of baking soda and one drop of dish detergent into a spray bottle of water, and liberally spray the leaves. You could also have various plants nearby which deter bugs. All are great ideas, but cost much more then pesticides we see today.

<span class="content" style="font-family: 'times new roman',times,serif;">Well of course we wouldn't have any pesticides to protect our plants from insects. Also the costs of fruits, vegetables and plants would sky rocket. Considering if we didn't have pesticides, we could not protect our plants from insects, therefore, only an increment of plants would survive. People probably wouldn't buy fruits and vegetables considering they would be so much money, and they would run farmers out of business, and next thing we know, all organic foods and healthy fruits and vegetables would never be seen again.

<span class="content" style="font-family: 'times new roman',times,serif;">Many countries export this product. Pesticides are very easy to make, so many countries just make it themselves as well. Pesticides are used all around the world. The United States do export some pesticides including Monsanto and Ortho to foreign countries though.

<span class="content" style="font-family: 'times new roman',times,serif;">I guess I would not purchase any fruits or vegetables anymore. The prices would be so expensive, that I'd rather buy a dollar cheeseburger then a four dollar strawberry. Since I would exclude fruits and vegetables from my diet, I would become very unhealthy. Also, since I and others would not purchase fruits and vegetables, the farmers might go out of business.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">** 7.Summary ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">The costs of pesticides affect the world. The price we pay when we use pesticides will affect us generation in the future. Just like pesticides affected eagles it might affect us in the future. The bald eagle cannot reproduce as effectively as they have been before. So if pesticides affected them like this how will it affect us if we continue to keep using them and they keep getting into our foods little by little. I don't think we should use them because they cause different diseases that might start to grow more vastly in people. If we continue to use them than more people will start to get the different diseases associated with pesticide residue found in foods.
 * Summarize the costs/benefits and draw a conclusion as to what actions if any are necessary. **

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